This study describes the contribution of the health care sector to the regional and local economies in Southwest Virginia (SWVA). The study uses an input-output model to identify the backward linkages from the health care sector to the overall economy. It provides information on how the health care sector affects employment and labor income in the region as a whole and in each of the seven localities in SWVA, including the counties of Buchanan, Dickenson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Tazewell, and Wise and the City of Norton. It also provides estimates of the impact of each component of the health care sector on regional and local economies. The results of the analysis provide a snapshot of the economic impact of the health care sector and serve as a baseline for future work on the economic impact of potential changes in the region.